This covers mainly industrial inputs and capital goods. About one fifth of EAC trade will be completely excluded from any market liberalization requirements. The deal is seen as an interim step towards agreeing a full Economic Partnership Agreement by mid-2009.

Luis Morago, Head of Oxfam International’s EU Office said:

"Developing countries have been placed under enormous pressure to sign. Despite concerns raised by many, including the IMF, African civil society, trade unions, and academics, the Commission has ignored possible alternatives and insisted on the deadline. They have essentially forced the East Africans to choose between guaranteeing markets for their agricultural exports today, and maintaining a degree of protection to promote future industrial growth - which all developed countries have done in the past.

It suits the Commission to spread the impression that regions are falling into line and the rest should do so too. But we would urge other countries to take heed of the range of voices raised against these deals and continue to ask the Commission for more time to negotiate a pro-development deal, and for feasible alternatives to be considered."